The greatest were Tyre, Byblos, and Sidon. Instead, they were divided into a number of city-states. However, the Phoenicians were not a single state. With the mountains as a natural barrier, they looked to the sea to expand. The Phoenicians lived on a strip of fertile land between the sea and the Lebanon mountains. They were a great trading people and they were at their peak between about 1200 BC and 800 BC. Relics of their dye production have been found around the Mediterranean Sea and as far west as Cádiz, Spain.The Phoenicians were people who lived in what is now Lebanon. ![]() Then they placed the mass in a covered vat and simmered it with seawater for several more days.įor hundreds of years, through their commerce and colonizing, the Phoenicians maintained both the market for Tyrian purple and their capacity to produce it. Dye makers combined these with salt and exposed the mixture to the open air and the sun for three days. Next, these marine snails were removed from their shells so that their dye glands could be extracted. As many as 12,000 were used to produce the dye for a single garment. ![]() First, fishers collected murex shellfish * from the sea in large numbers. Tyrian purple was the most precious dye of its time, in large part because of the labor required to produce it. King Solomon of ancient Israel furnished his temple with “purple wool” produced by an artisan from Tyre.- 2 Chronicles 2:13, 14. Phoenicia, which roughly corresponded to modern-day Lebanon, was noted for its Tyrian purple dye, named after the city of Tyre.
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